歷史講義438 439
War's end in 1945 found the Guomindang demoralized by the long
years of fighting, and its government weakened by personal conflicts
and the serious inflation that affected the areas under its control. The
party moved swiftly but ineptly to re-establish its control over the for-
mer Japenese-held areas, lacking the trained personnel to fill vacant
positions and without the money to rebuild a war-shattered society.
The communists, also without resources, moved swiftly to seize what
areas they could from the defeated Japanese and to secure a firm base
of support among the people of north China. The Communists looked
particularly to Manchuria as a promising location to build up their mil-
itary forces for a final assault on Chiang Kai-shek. Their strategy was
proved correct. By 1948 Chiang's forces in Manchuria were routed, and
strophic inflation and by the defection from his side of a majority of
China's intellectuals, students, professional classes, and urban workers.
During 1949 his remaining forces simply disintegrated, and late that
tear, as Chiang retreated with his surviving supporters to Taiwan, Mao
Zedong in Peking declared the founding of the new People's Republic
of China.
--
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