[新聞] 伊朗無人機重構國際戰爭藍圖
原文來源：
https://www.businessinsider.com/irans-drones-are-the-new-blueprint-for-international-warfare-2024-4
原文摘要：
https://i.imgur.com/BfIChyj.jpeg
伊朗的新型「加薩」（Gaza）無人機
Iran has become a global drone powerhouse as countries around the world
copy its technology.
Russia has become increasingly reliant on Iranian drones to fight its war
in Ukraine.
Iran can easily bypass Western sanctions and buy electronic parts from
Asian suppliers.
隨著世界各國紛紛效法其技術，伊朗已成為全球無人機強國。
俄羅斯在烏克蘭戰爭中越來越依賴伊朗無人機。
伊朗可以輕鬆繞過西方制裁，從亞洲供應商購買電子零件。
Iran's stealth drones and their copycats are popping up on battlefields from
Ukraine to Sudan, making it a standout in global drone warfare and raising
concerns about increasing military instability around the world.
In the past forty years, Iran has emerged as an expert in low-tech drone
warfare thanks to decades of Western sanctions that forced the country to
innovate weapons production by any means possible.
Countries around the world are now increasingly taking inspiration from
Iran's drones. Bloomberg reported this week that at least six countries had
ramped up production of Iranian drones in the past two years, bringing the
total number of countries producing drones with Iran's help to at least a
dozen.
The issue has become of particular importance as Russia becomes more reliant
on Iranian tech to produce its drones for the war in Ukraine. Iran maintains
that it isn't selling drones to Russia, but documents and extensive reporting
indicate otherwise.
Business Insider reported in January that Russia was probably already in
possession of an explosive new version of Iran's Shahed drone, causing
massive headaches for Ukraine's air defenses.
伊朗的隱形無人機及其仿製品不斷出現在從烏克蘭到蘇丹的戰場上，使其成為全球無人機
戰爭中的佼佼者，並引發了人們對世界各地日益加劇的軍事不穩定的擔憂。
在過去的四十年裡，由於西方數十年的製裁迫使伊朗以任何可能的方式創新武器生產，伊
朗已成為低技術無人機戰爭的專家。
世界各國現在越來越多地從伊朗無人機中汲取靈感。 彭博社本週報導稱，過去兩年至少
有六個國家增加了伊朗無人機的產量，使在伊朗幫助下生產無人機的國家總數達到至少十
幾個。
隨著俄羅斯越來越依賴伊朗技術來生產用於烏克蘭戰爭的無人機，這個問題變得特別重要
。 伊朗堅稱不會向俄羅斯出售無人機，但文件和大量報告表明情況並非如此。
《商業內幕》一月份報導稱，俄羅斯可能已經擁有伊朗 Shahed 無人機的爆炸性新版本，
這給烏克蘭的防空系統帶來了巨大的麻煩。
Iran's Shahed-136 drones are frequently popping up on Ukrainian battlefields,
despite being made up almost entirely of American and European parts —
highlighting just how easy it is for Iran to bypass Western sanctions and buy
electronic parts from Asian suppliers and front companies, as Bloomberg
reported.
Iran is meanwhile pocketing foreign money in exchange for its much-coveted
drone tech and expertise.
Bloomberg reported that the country was primarily using model airplanes
propelled by lawnmower motors and guided by US-made components to power its
drone empire. But despite the seemingly makeshift nature of the weapons, both
the US and Israel — two of the most powerful militaries in the world — are
struggling to defend themselves against the stealth drones that are reported
to circumvent Western defenses by shadowing American drones.
伊朗的Shahed-136 無人機經常出現在烏克蘭戰場上，儘管它幾乎完全由美國和歐洲的零
件組成——正如彭博社報導的那樣，這凸顯出伊朗是多麼容易繞過西方制裁並從亞洲供應
商和幌子公司購買電子零件。報道稱。
與此同時，伊朗正在將外國資金裝入自己的口袋，以換取其令人垂涎的無人機技術和專業
知識。
彭博社報道稱，該國主要使用由割草機發動機驅動並由美國製造的組件引導的模型飛機為
其無人機帝國提供動力。 但儘管這些武器看似臨時性的，美國和以色列這兩個世界上最
強大的軍隊都在努力防禦隱形無人機，據報道，這些無人機通過跟踪美國無人機來規避西
方的防禦。
In January, an Iranian exploding drone hit a US military base in Jordan,
killing three US service members. The Washington Post cited a defense source
who said the weapon was a small attack Shahed-101.
The drone was able to sneak past American defenses by shadowing a US drone
also landing at the base — a trick believed to have been picked up from
Russia, Bloomberg reported.
"Russia and Iran are learning from each other. That is almost as important as
the technology-sharing itself," Matthew McInnis, a Pentagon intelligence
officer who was a State Department representative for Iran, told the outlet.
But Iran's influence goes beyond Russia. Iranian-backed Houthis have
curtailed trade in the Red Sea in recent months by perpetrating drone attacks
on cargo ships.
Bloomberg reported that Ethiopia had used Iranian drones to squash rebellions
in the country, while Tajikistan, Algeria, and Venezuela were also partnering
with Iran.
一月份，一架伊朗無人機襲擊了約旦的美國軍事基地，造成三名美國軍人死亡。 《華盛頓
郵報》引述國防消息人士的話稱，該武器是小型攻擊型Shahed-101。
根據彭博社報道，這架無人機能夠透過追蹤同樣降落在該基地的美國無人機來偷偷突破美
國的防禦——這項技巧據信是從俄羅斯學來的。
「俄羅斯和伊朗正在互相學習。這幾乎與技術共享本身一樣重要，」曾擔任伊朗事務代表
的五角大樓情報官員馬修·麥金尼斯告訴媒體。
但伊朗的影響力超越了俄羅斯。 近幾個月來，伊朗支持的胡塞武裝透過無人機襲擊貨船
，限制了紅海的貿易。
彭博社報道稱，衣索比亞使用伊朗無人機鎮壓該國的叛亂，而塔吉克、阿爾及利亞和委內
瑞拉也與伊朗合作。
https://i.imgur.com/Qm9Hcz3.jpeg
伊朗製的俄羅斯「見證者」（Shahed）自殺無人機在烏克蘭上空飛行
心得感想：
伊朗大力開發無人機，現在無人機領域比俄羅斯更強，還能輸出給葉門、伊拉克的在地協
力者，加薩型無人機看來有87%像死神無人機，航程2000km
當伊朗都進步到用無人機跟蹤美軍無人機來突破美國防禦，國軍還在……
--
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