Re: [討論] 從皮膚細胞變成幹細胞
※ 引述《senlin (seize)》之銘言：
: ※ [本文轉錄自 Biology 看板]
: 作者: senlin (seize) 看板: Biology
: 標題: [討論] 從皮膚細胞變成幹細胞
: 時間: Wed Nov 21 07:26:37 2007
: 今天一條很大的新聞
: 日本與美國兩個研究團隊同時在今天發表一項研究成果
: 表示只要在一般人的皮膚細胞中入四個基因後
: 即可將該皮膚細胞轉為幹細胞
Scienec的報導用"retruction" 這個辭來形容 相當的貼切
複製動物的技術體系胞核轉植(SCNT)
也是利用卵母細胞中啟動發育的蛋白來達成reproramming
重新讓轉植細胞核中的基因組回到發育初期的表達狀態
這篇paper的精神就是直接找出那些蛋白(雖然還不完全正確)
然後transgene到皮膚細胞中 讓皮膚細胞的基因組表達狀態重新洗牌
這意味著有可能不需要經過核轉植就可以得到複製性的胚胎幹細胞
美國新保守主義那些人再也無從叫起
胚胎幹細胞研究有可能在明年的美國大選後 獲得空前的大量預算
這仍然有許多的困難
1.皮膚細胞或是其他的體細胞中必然有許多cell specific的蛋白
這些蛋白是否會影響iPS cell的功能或造成與ES cell間的不同??
2.如何克服老化所產生的基因組損傷 仍是重大的課題
--
前行之路仍然遙遠
: 不但外觀型態與幹細胞無異
: 此一轉型後的幹細胞也能分化成不同的細胞
: 此項技術將會為幹細胞研究與很多疾病治療的研究帶來重大的突破
: 新聞如下
: http://sciencenow.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2007/1120/1
: Researchers Turn Skin Cells Into Stem Cells
: By Gretchen Vogel
: ScienceNOW Daily News
: 20 November 2007
: Scientists have managed to reprogram human skin cells directly into cells
: that look and act like embryonic stem (ES) cells. The technique makes it
: possible to generate patient-specific stem cells to study or treat disease
: without using embryos or oocytes--and therefore could bypass the ethical
: debates that have plagued the field. "This is like an earthquake for both the
: science and politics of stem cell research," says Jesse Reynolds, policy
: analyst for the Center for Genetics and Society in Oakland, California.
: The work builds on a study published last year by Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto
: University in Japan, which showed that mouse tail cells could be transformed
: into ES-like cells by inserting four genes (ScienceNOW, 3 July 2006). Those
: genes are normally switched off after embryonic cells differentiate into the
: various cell types. In June this year, Yamanaka and another group reported
: that the cells were truly pluripotent, meaning that they had the potential to
: grow into any tissue in the body (ScienceNOW, 6 June).
: Now the race to repeat the feat in human cells has ended in a tie: Two groups
: report today that they have reprogrammed human skin cells into so-called
: induced pluripotent cells (iPCs). In a paper published online in Cell,
: Yamanaka and his colleagues show that their mouse technique works with human
: cells as well. And in a paper published online in Science, James Thomson of
: the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and his colleagues report success in
: reprogramming human cells, again by inserting just four genes, two of which
: are different from those Yamanaka uses.
: In the new work, Yamanaka and his colleagues used a retrovirus to ferry into
: adult cells the same four genes they had previously used to reprogram mouse
: cells: OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC. They reprogrammed cells taken from the
: facial skin of a 36-year-old woman and from connective tissue from a
: 69-year-old man. Roughly one iPC cell line was produced for every 5000 cells
: the researchers treated using the technique, an efficiency that enabled them
: to produce several cell lines from each experiment.
: Thomson's team started from scratch, identifying its own list of 14 candidate
: reprogramming genes. Like Yamanaka's group, the team used a systematic
: process of elimination to identify four factors: OCT3 and SOX2, as Yamanaka
: used, and two different genes, NANOG and LIN28. The group reprogrammed cells
: from fetal skin and from the foreskin of a newborn boy. The researchers were
: able to transform about one in 10,000 cells, less than Yamanaka's technique
: achieved, Thomson says, but still enough to create several cell lines from a
: single experiment.
: [下略]
--
如果孔子是那待沽的玉
我便是待斟的酒
用一生的時間 蘊釀自己的濃度
只為等待剎那的傾注
張曉風 釀酒的理由
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Orz sorry
※ 編輯: boyo 來自: 221.169.50.122 (11/21 23:41)
推
11/22 06:56, , 1F
11/22 06:56, 1F
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