[請益] TPO閱讀 William Smith
Paragraph 2: This was before the steam locomotive, and canal building was at
its height. The companies building the canals to transport coal needed
surveyors to help them find the coal deposits worth mining as well as to
determine the best courses for the canals. This job gave Smith an opportunity
to study the fresh rock outcrops created by the newly dug canal. He later
worked on similar jobs across the length and breadth of England all the while
studying the newly revealed strata and collecting all the fossils he could
find．Smith used mail coaches to travel as much as 10000 miles per year．In
1815 he published the first modern geological map “A Map of the Strata of
England and Wales with a Part of Scotland”, map so meticulously researched
that it can still be used today．
4.Accordingto paragraph2，which of the following is true of the map published
by William Smith?
○It indicates the locations of England's major canals
○It became most valuable when the steam locomotive made rail travel possible
○The data for the map were collected during Smith’s work on canals
○It is no longer regarded as a geological masterpiece
答案為C 我選A 請問錯在哪呢?
文中有提到mail coaches的事情 怎麼能斷定他的data全都在 work on canals時蒐集的?
Paragraph 5: Not only could Smith identify rock strata by the fossils they
contained, he could also see a pattern emerging：certain fossils always
appear in more ancient sediments while others begin to be seen as the strata
become more recent. By following the fossils, Smith was able to put all the
strata of England's earth into relative temporal sequence. About the same
time, Georges Cuvier made the same discovery while studying the rocks around
Paris. Soon it was realized that this principle of faunal (animal) succession
was valid not only in England or France but virtually everywhere. It was
actually a principle of floral succession as well, because plants showed the
same transformation through time as did fauna. Limestone may be found in the
Cambrian or-300 million years later-in the Jurassic strata but a trilobite—
the ubiquitous marine arthropod that had its birth in the Cambrian—will
never be found in Jurassic strata, nor a dinosaur in the Cambrian.
11. Select the TWO answer choices that are true statements based upon the
discussion of the principle of faunal succession in paragraph 5. To receive
credit, you must select TWO answers.
○It was a principle that applied to fauna but not to flora．
○It was discovered independently by two different geologists，
○It describes how fossils are distributed in rock strata
○It explains why plants and animals undergo transformations through time．
答案為BC, 請問為什麼可以選C呢? 文章有提到how嗎?? 謝謝!!
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