Re: [請益] TPO閱測 Meteorite Impact and Dinosau …
※ 引述《Merica (美加文教)》之銘言：
: ※ 引述《chime0515 (我愛劉德華)》之銘言：
: : 懇請指教 平時閱測不會錯這麼多 這篇大暴走
: : 檢討剩兩題百思不得其解 懇請幫忙
: : Paragraph 2: If an impact is large enough, it can disturb the environment of
: : the entire Earth and cause an ecological catastrophe. The best-documented
: : such impact took place 65 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous
: : period of geological history. This break in Earth's history is marked by a
: : mass extinction, when as many as half the species on the planet became
: : extinct. While there are a dozen or more mass extinctions in the geological
: : record, the Cretaceous mass extinction has always intrigued paleontologists
: : because it marks the end of the age of the dinosaurs. For tens of millions of
: : years, those great creatures had flourished. Then, suddenly, they disappeared.
: : 2. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs
: : had flourished for tens of millions of years and then suddenly disappeared?
: : ○To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous
: : is the best-documented of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geological
: : record
: : ○To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are
: : believed to have become extinct at the end of the Cretaceous
: : ○To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued by the mass
: : extinction at the end of the Cretaceous
: : ○To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to disturb the
: : environment of the entire planet and cause an ecological disaster
: : 我選4，為什麼4不行? (答案為3)
: 題目是指為什麼作者談論到dinosaurs的興趣跟絕種，答案就在最後的一個關鍵字because
: ，就可知道在解釋因果的關係。
: : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : Paragraph 6: Impacts by meteorites represent one mechanism that could cause
: : global catastrophes and seriously influence the evolution of life all over
: : the planet. █According to some estimates, the majority of all extinctions of
: : species may be due to such impacts. █Such a perspective fundamentally
: : changes our view of biological evolution. █The standard criterion for the
: : survival of a species is its success in competing with other species and
: : adapting to slowly changing environments. █Yet an equally important
: : criterion is the ability of a species to survive random global ecological
: : catastrophes due to impacts.
: : 13. Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence
: : can be added to the passage.
: : This is the criterion emphasized by Darwin's theory of evolution by natural
: : selection.
: : Where would the sentence best fit?
: : 為什麼答案是3? 我選4。 因為空格4前面有提到criterion，放在空格4
: : "This is the criterion...." 感覺比較不突兀
: : 感謝幫忙 謝謝!
: 選項3一開始也有提到The standard criterion，你忽略了選項4的一個字an equally
: important criterion的equally(一個同等重要的標準)，所以答案選3，先在3中插入一個
: 由Darwin’s所強調的準則，之後用2個舉例來說明。
: (以上內容由美加 蔡睿老師提供)
這題的爭議實在很多
我收集下一下答案
文勇黃金閱讀6.0 : D
文勇黃金閱讀7.0 : C
小馬過河備考包 : D
答案到底是什麼呢？
看看國中生物課本吧 達爾文進化論主張的是
success in competing with other species and
adapting to slowly changing environments.
因為當時沒有辦法解釋 生物大規模滅絕
雖然他曾經研究過化石
他在《物種起源》寫道：“我想恐怕再也也沒有人比我對物種滅絕更加驚奇了。”
但是他認為 新物種的產生與現存物種的消亡密切相關。
突然出現大量化石只是因為 地質資料不夠完全
然而現在某些證據據指出大滅絕確實週期性的發生
哈佛大學的斯蒂芬·傑伊·古爾德（Stephen Jay Gould）和
美國自然歷史博物館的奈爾斯·埃爾德雷德（Niles Eldredge）。
他們的斷續性平衡理論認為，物種進化過程中，
每隔一段較長時期的穩定，就會有短期的急劇變化；
其時某些物種滅絕，某些新物種出現。
甚至有研究者出了一本書
最衰者生存
Survival of the Sickest：A Medical Maverick Discovers
Why We Need Disease
http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010384739
簡單的說這兩個標準並不是作者寫 達爾文理論支持的例子
..........................................................
好了 顯然這個問題文組的同學比較有問題
我們換個角度 單純看文章
會不會插入A？
Impacts by meteorites represent one mechanism that could cause
global catastrophes and seriously influence the evolution of life all over
the planet. █According to some estimates, the majority of all extinctions
species may be due to such impacts.
不會 因為這兩句是有關連的 such impacts 要指到上一句的 Impacts by meteorites
而插入句中沒有impacts 會把原文的意思打斷
................................................
會不會插入B ？
According to some estimates, the majority of all extinctions
species may be due to such impacts. █Such a perspective fundamentally
changes our view of biological evolution.
perspective加了冠詞 所以他不是形容詞 而是名詞
在此翻譯成 觀點.看法
Such a perspective 指的就是前一句所說的 大多數在大滅絕中死亡的生物
是因為such impacts = Impacts by meteorites
這個觀點改變了我們對於生物演化的觀念
可見還是不能插入
你應該能想到接下來要寫什麼呢？
當然是寫過去的舊觀點囉
.........................................................
能不能插入C ？
Such a perspective fundamentally changes our view of biological evolution.
█The standard criterion for the survival of a species is
its success in competing with other species and
adapting to slowly changing environments.
就觀點是什麼？ 生物生存的基礎在於 從與其他物種競爭中獲勝
並且適應緩慢變化的環境
如果插入句要放這個位置 應該寫
This is the view emphasized by Darwin's theory
這是達爾文的觀點 然後用:加以說明
: The standard criterion for the survival of a species is....
但是如果不修改就插入C
Such a perspective fundamentally changes our view of
biological evolution. This is the criterion emphasized by Darwin's theory...
這是不合邏輯的 因為我們不知道our view of biological evolution
這個觀念是什麼
而且 view 與 criterion(標準) 根本不起來 不能用this 來指
...............................................
插入D的位置
The standard criterion for the survival of a species is its success
in competing with other species and adapting to slowly changing environments.
█Yet an equally important criterion is the ability of a species
to survive random global ecological catastrophes due to impacts.
這樣一來
This is the criterion emphasized by Darwin's theory
已經在上一句說明過了The standard criterion
現在來個轉折Yet
之後應該是新觀點
也與達爾文的觀點無關
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05/13 16:03, , 1F
05/13 16:03, 1F
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