[文法] which 跟that 當關代時的差異?

看板Eng-Class作者 (Qu)時間8年前 (2017/06/30 10:27), 編輯推噓0(0推 0噓 31→)
留言31則, 2人參與, 最新討論串1/1
看書中示範合併這兩句: Fans quickly lose interest in a sports team. The team loses game after game. 範例是寫 Fans quickly lose interest in a sports team that loses game after game. 為何這裡不能寫成非限定關代用法?: Fans quickly lose interest in a sports team,which loses game after game. 同理 An electron tube in the oven produces microwaves,which cook by agitating the water molecules in food. 為何不能寫成限定句?: An electron tube in the oven produces microwaves that cook by agitating the water molecules in food. -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 140.109.26.45 ※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Eng-Class/M.1498789650.A.05C.html
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06/30 12:40, , 1F
因為那邊的限定詞用了a而不是the,所以才不會是用whi
06/30 12:40, 1F
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06/30 12:40, , 2F
ch
06/30 12:40, 2F
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06/30 12:41, , 3F
那邊的逗號+which其實可以視為同位語的一種變形
06/30 12:41, 3F
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06/30 12:45, , 4F
如果第二句是用the sport team而不是a sport team那
06/30 12:45, 4F
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06/30 12:45, , 5F
就可以那樣寫
06/30 12:45, 5F
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06/30 12:47, , 6F
後面那個microwaves的例子是類似的概念，如果是用非
06/30 12:47, 6F
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06/30 12:47, , 7F
限定子句會導致一個結果是好像有些微波不會有類似的
06/30 12:47, 7F
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06/30 12:47, , 8F
效果
06/30 12:47, 8F
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06/30 12:47, , 9F
Sorry打錯，是用限定句ㄉ會導致這種結果
06/30 12:47, 9F
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06/30 12:53, , 10F
但那邊想要表達的應該是只要是微波都會如此 而不是
06/30 12:53, 10F
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06/30 12:53, , 11F
某些微波才會那樣
06/30 12:53, 11F
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06/30 13:28, , 12F
你該注意的是限定用法與限定詞的互動
06/30 13:28, 12F
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06/30 13:31, , 13F
如果是which的非限定子句，前面的先行詞用the是因為
06/30 13:31, 13F
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06/30 13:31, , 14F
聽話者和說話者都已經知道對象為何了
06/30 13:31, 14F
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06/30 13:34, , 15F
The用來限定先行詞就是在暗示你那是一個獨一無二的
06/30 13:34, 15F
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06/30 13:34, , 16F
對象了，但用a來限定先行詞就是那個對象只是“某個
06/30 13:34, 16F
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06/30 13:34, , 17F
東西”，所以不會是接非限定子句(何況非限定用法一
06/30 13:34, 17F
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06/30 13:34, , 18F
般不用that
06/30 13:34, 18F
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06/30 13:58, , 19F
當然，有時候你會看到the跟限定子句一起用的情況
06/30 13:58, 19F
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06/30 13:58, , 20F
但會這樣用是因為沒有前後文作為參照時，就算你用
06/30 13:58, 20F
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06/30 13:58, , 21F
the也"標不出"那個你想要的對象，就會用the+限定子
06/30 13:58, 21F
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06/30 13:58, , 22F
句
06/30 13:58, 22F
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06/30 14:01, , 23F
像是在沒有前後文的情況下，我說"The man who
06/30 14:01, 23F
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06/30 14:02, , 24F
murdered John F. Kennedy"
06/30 14:02, 24F
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06/30 14:03, , 25F
這裡之所以是用限定用法，就是因為如果我只說the
06/30 14:03, 25F
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06/30 14:04, , 26F
man，你也不會知道我說的那個獨一無二的人是哪個人
06/30 14:04, 26F
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06/30 14:31, , 27F
剛好English論壇也有一篇有回答到這個問題
06/30 14:31, 27F
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06/30 14:31, , 28F
06/30 14:31, 28F
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06/30 14:32, , 29F
你去看回答裡頭描述使用語句的情境還有限定詞和
06/30 14:32, 29F
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06/30 14:32, , 30F
關係子句間的互動
06/30 14:32, 30F
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07/01 23:29, , 31F
Fans quickly lose interest in a losing team. (更簡潔)
07/01 23:29, 31F
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文章代碼(AID): #1PLRSI1S (Eng-Class)