Re: [考題]兩題文法題
※ 引述《xerman (好天氣)》之銘言：
: 想請教一下 兩題文法
: By the time ________, Thomas had already decided he wished
: to be an agriculturist.
: 1.in his early twenties 2.he was in his early twenties
: 3.he is early twenties 4.he turns into his early twenties
: 正確答案是2 請問一下1為何錯誤呢
要先搞懂為什麼會有這個 "the time"
首先 by 後面只能接名詞或代名詞
(不像from後面可以接副詞片語: from under the tree)
所以 "到了他8歲的時候" 這句中文
可以翻成 "By the age of 8" (後面接名詞)
但是後面如果要接句子的形式 "he was 8 years old"
就不能寫成 *By he was 8 years old (不能後面直接接子句,因by本身不是連接詞)
也不能寫成 *By when he was 8 years old (前面講過,不像from後面可接副詞片語)
而必須寫成 By the time when he was 8 years old
亦即 when 的前面必須放上先行詞 the time 當作by的受詞
此時又由於 when 是關係副詞, 有先行詞之後 when本身就可以省略
最後得到 By the time he was 8 years old
所以 the time 的出現是因為後面直接是"句子"
否則就只要像 By the age of 8 這樣就好了 根本不會有 the time 的出現
因此要嘛就單純是 By his early twenties.... (直接接名詞)
要嘛是 By the time he was in his early twenties... (+ the time + 句子)
而不可能是 *By the time in his early twenties 開頭
否則就跟 *By the time 8 years old 一樣詭異
: _______ from its northernmost point at Lake Itasca in Minnesota
: to its southernmost point in the Gulf of Mexico, the Mississippi is
: about 3710 miles long.
: 1.Measure 2.Measured 3.Measuring 4.To measure
: 答案是2
: 請問為何不能是3
遇到分詞構句, 就先寫出原本的句子
此句有兩種可能:
1. When/if we measure the Mississippi from...
2. When/if the Mississippi is measured from...
若為1. 變成分詞構句就是
3. We measuring the Mississippi from...
因為主詞we和主要子句的主詞the Mississippi不同, 所以不能被省略
而2. 變成分詞構句就可以得到答案, 因兩子句主詞相同, 可省略
4. Measured from...
不過實際上也很少人會講成 3. 這樣
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