Fw: [新聞] 是學習還是血汗：不甘領低薪學生勞工告

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※ [本文轉錄自 Gossiping 看板 #1Hmd_9mK ] 作者: m760112 (廢文權威) 看板: Gossiping 標題: [新聞] 是學習還是血汗：不甘領低薪學生勞工告時間: Thu Jun 20 12:06:29 2013 是學習還是血汗：不甘領低薪學生勞工告公司 http://news.sina.com.tw/article/20130619/9944543.html 隨經濟局勢走衰，就業市場前景不佳的環境下，許多學生寧可不拿薪水，也要爭取實習機會，換取職場所需之經驗及技能。不過，美國社會似乎正透過司法行動，醞釀一股反對無償實習的力量。要求實習生實際上被當成勞工差遣時，就應該支付法定薪資。曾在《紐約客》及《W雜誌》工作的實習生，13日對母公司康泰納仕出版公司提出訴訟，法律專家表示，這起訴訟是打頭陣，未來可能還會出現一波控訴未支付或僅支付微薄酬勞給學生勞工的訴訟潮。提出控訴前2天，才有法官做出判決，認定福斯探照燈電影公司違反勞動法規。該公司在拍攝2010年由娜塔莉波曼主演的電影《黑天鵝》時，使用了未支薪的實習生。勞動法律師表示，該一判決結果及類似的訴訟案可能會接踵而來，使得雇主不得不重新思考任用不支薪或低薪實習生的問題。這是第一宗發生在電影及出版這些「光鮮亮麗」產業的案件，任用實習生的作法，在這些產業已行之有年。接著，訴訟可能擴散至其他產業，這些產業也推行類似政策，意圖在每況愈下的經濟環境下，減少勞力成本支出。「這股風潮可能會超出媒體業公司、擴及到紐約以外的地區。」聖安東尼奧的軒尼詩布恩法律事務律師、負責處理勞動糾紛的奧唐納爾表示：「我想全國各行各業的雇主們都要注意了。」遭遇不公集結爭權 13日的這起訴訟，由紐約南區聯邦地區法院負責審理，該法院11日才做出不利新聞集團的福斯探照燈電影公司的判決。 2009年在《W雜誌》實習數月的巴林杰及2009、2010年在《紐約客》實習的李布表示，康泰納仕出版公司違反聯邦勞動法。巴林杰每天領12美元酬勞，工作內容是整理配件、替編輯處理私人事務、送貨給報攤。李布是領固定工資，每3至4個月的實習期間，領3百至5百美元的酬勞，工作內容有審閱《紐約客》的「呼喊與細語」單元稿件，回覆《紐約客》收到的電子信件、校對以及拆信。這起訴訟試圖成為集體訴訟，代表所有受到康泰納仕出版公司影響的人打官司。該訴訟認為，《公平勞動基準法》要求公司支付最低時薪。 ▲一位在紐約市立學院主修溝通設計的大四學生荷西維葛（Jorge Vega）正排隊進入紐約賈維茨貿易中心的2012年大蘋果徵才及實習博覽會，圖攝於2012年4月27日。這個徵才博覽會是特別針對不同的紐約市立學校學生們所策劃。（圖文／路透）對康泰納仕出版公司與福斯探照燈電影公司提出訴訟的奧頓高登法律事務所，目前正在確認過去6年哪些人曾無償實習，以及審視僱用條件是否違反了工資工時規定。實習背後的階級差異奧頓高登法律事務所也受理赫斯特集團《時尚芭莎》的前實習生王學丹（音譯）所提出的訴訟。在這起案件裡，同樣也是紐約南區法院的法官貝爾表示，尋求集體訴訟確認的王學丹，無法代表其他實習生提出控訴。法律事務對此提出上訴，而王學丹仍可以個人身分提出告訴。去年底，奧頓高登法律事務所曾代表190名未支薪的實習生提出集體訴訟，《美國公共電視台》脫口秀主持人羅斯則同意與他們達成和解。這些實習生在2006年3月至2012年10月間，曾替羅斯的節目工作過。「這些年輕人意識到經濟與階級議題。」奧頓高登法律事務律師特納在論及康泰納仕的訴訟案時表示：「他們認為可以來實習的人是有錢人，這些人在獲得微薄酬勞或完全沒有得到酬勞時，家裡可提供資助給他們。」「他們挺身而出，然後表示：『我們受夠這些了。』」康泰納仕公司的代表表示，公司未對這起懸而未決的官司做出評論。接受無償被自己看輕美國勞工部發展出一套6項檢核項目的標準，作為判定營利公司是否必須支付酬勞給實習生的依據。這套檢核標準，以最高法院數十年前的一起鐵道公司受訓人員的案件為基礎。這套標準將幾項因素納入考量，包括實習經驗的教育價值、實習生能否取代一般正職員工等。奧唐納爾表示：「檢核的真正關鍵，在於實習必須是為了實習生的利益，而不是對雇主有利。」儘管追蹤不易，但無償實習的普遍程度，可見於全美大學及雇主協會所做的年度調查。該調查發現，從事無償實習的學生人數超過3萬。過去3年裡，所有接獲調查的實習生中，有將近半數的人表示自己沒有拿到薪水。《2013年學生調查》發現，有償實習增加獲取正職工作機會可能性的同時，無償實習生未來的發展機會，只比完全沒實習過的學生好一些。調查指出，剛畢業的研究生當中，參加過支薪實習的學生，起薪中位數是5萬1,930美元；但無償實習的學生，起薪僅3萬5,721美元。全美大學及雇主協會的研究員寇克表示，此一情況對所有科系的學生皆然。總部位於華盛頓、無特定黨派立場的智庫「經濟政策研究所」的艾森布瑞表示，想要成為實習生的學生，儘管只是要跨出第一步，但在同意無償工作之前，都應該先三思一番。「若你願意無償工作，你給雇主的信息就是不用付給你這麼高的價碼。」（路透） When two former interns（1） at the New Yorker and W Magazine sued parent company Conde Nast Publications on Thursday, legal experts said it could be the first in a wave of lawsuits challenging companies WHO pay little or nothing for student labor. The lawsuit comes just two days after a judge found that Fox Searchlight Pictures viOLated labor laws when it used unpaid interns for production tasks on "Black Swan," the 2010 film starring Natalie Portman. Employment lawyers said that decision and similar lawsuits that are likely to follow would force employers to reconsider using unpaid or underpaid（2） interns, first in "glamour" industries such as movies and publishing, where the practice has become standard, and then in industries that have implemented similar policies to reduce labor costs in a flagging economy. "This trend is probably going to expand beyond media companies and beyond New York," said Laura O'Donnell, a lawyer at Haynes & Boone in San Antonio who represents management in labor disputes. "I think employers in all industries across the country need to take note." Thursday's lawsuit was filed in U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, which also had issued the decision on Tuesday against News Corp's (NWSA.O) Fox Searchlight. Lauren Ballinger, an intern at W Magazine for several months in 2009, and Matthew Leib, who had internships at the New Yorker in 2009 and 2010, said Conde Nast violated federal labor laws. Ballinger received $12 a day to organize accessories, run personal errands for editors and make deliveries to vendors. Leib got a flat rate of $300 to $500 for each three- to four-month internship, which included reviewing submissions to the New Yorker's "Shouts and Murmurs" section, responding to emails sent to the magazine, proofreading（3） and opening mail. The lawsuit, which seeks a class action on behalf of all affected Conde Nast workers, said the Fair Labor Standards Act required the company to pay an hourly minimum wage. Law firm Outten & Golden, which brought both the Conde Nast and the Fox Searchlight lawsuits, is identifying individuals who held unpaid internships during the past six years and is reviewing the conditions of their employment for possible wage-and-hour violations. The firm is also handling a lawsuit against Hearst Corp by former Harper's Bazaar magazine intern Xuedan Wang. In that case, Judge Harold Baer, also in the Southern District of New York, said Wang, who had sought class-action（4） certification, could not sue on behalf of other interns. The law firm is Appealing the ruling, and Wang can still bring suit as an individual. PBS talk show host Charlie Rose agreed to settle a similar class action brought by Outten & Golden late last year on behalf of 190 unpaid interns who worked on his program between March 2006 and October 2012. "These young people are conscious of economic and class issues," Juno Turner, a lawyer at Outten & Golden, said of the Conde Nast lawsuit. "They see that people who are able to do these internships are people of means, whose families are able to support them while they work for little or no pay. "They're standing up and saying: 'I've had enough of this.'" A Conde Nast representative said the company did not comment on pending litigation（5）. The U.S. Labor Department has developed a six-pronged test based on a decades-old Supreme Court case related to railroad company trainees to determine whether interns at for-profit companies must be paid. It takes into account factors that include the educational value of the experience and whether interns displace regular workers. "The real key to the test is that the internship has to be for the benefit of the intern as opposed to the employer," O'Donnell said. Although unpaid internships are difficult to track, their prevalence is APParent in an annual survey of more than 30,000 students conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE). For the past three years, nearly half of all interns surveyed have reported working without pay. The 2013 Student Survey found that while paid internships increased the likelihood of receiving a permanent job offer, unpaid interns fared only slightly better than students who did no internship at all. The median starting salary for a newly minted graduate with paid internship experience is $51,930, but only $35,721 for those who have completed an unpaid internship, the survey said. That pattern was consistent across all academic majors, NACE researcher Edwin Koc said. Ross Eisenbrey of the Economic Policy Institute, a nonpartisan think tank based in Washington, said would-be interns should think twice about agreeing to work without pay, even to get a foot in the door. "You signal to employers that you aren't worth that much if you're willing to work for nothing," Eisenbrey said.（Reuters）關鍵字詞 1.intern （n.）實習生 2.underpaid（a.）薪水或工資很低的 3.proofread（v.）校對 4.class-action（n.）集體訴訟 5.litigation（n.）訴訟 -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 36.238.129.180 ※ 編輯: m760112 來自: 36.238.129.180 (06/20 12:07)

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