再談CD --1
下面的文章是我兩三年前寫的...當時因故未能完成,雖然我有請維中代我續完,只是
他老兄也沒空(沒興趣?!). @@"
至於現在到底完成了沒? ...嗯,先別討論好了. >XDDD
閱讀前請注意下列事項
1.絕對嚴禁轉載!
2.不保證翻譯無誤 (本人洋文不行,有錯請務必指證)
3.文章內容不代表本人立場,不一定正確.
4.承上,文中分隔線內的是我的個人意見,但也是僅供參考.
5.建議可先到本板精華區看之前關於清洗CD的討論.
================================ 開始分隔線 ==============================
資料來源: Toronto Globe
By MARY NERSESSIAN
Monday, July 26, 2004
Communication Breakdown: CDs Aren't Forever After All
When compact discs first appeared in the 1980s, they were hailed as the
medium guaranteed to provide "a lifetime of listening enjoyment". But recent
evidence suggests that CD owners may outlive their music collection.
CD deterioration may start with a smattering of pinpricks or what appears
to be rust creeping inwards from the edge of the disc. Certain tracks jump
or emit clicking noises. Eventually, the CD loses all data and is better
used as a shiny coaster.
瑪莉‧涅歇森
2004年7月26日 星期一
通信故障: CD終究不是永久的!
當80年代CD首度現身時,號稱是保證"提供終生聆聽享受"的媒介. 但最近有證據
顯示用家們或許會活的比他們的音樂收藏久.
CD的毀損,可能由幾個零碎的小孔,或從邊緣以類似生鏽的方式往內蔓延,某幾軌
會因此跳過或爆音. 最後上頭的資料全部消失,此時作CD還不如作杯墊來的好用.
Dan Koster first noticed signs of deterioration in his CD collection in
1997. The rot manifested itself as brownish patchy areas and a smattering
of pinholes.
"When you hold a CD up to the light, you see the area where the light
shines through," said Koster, web-content manager at Queen's University of
Charlotte in North Carolina. He estimates that 10 to 15% of his almost
3,000-CD collection -- both major and independent labels -- show signs of
deterioration.
"Even as recently as this year, I have taken off the plastic wrap and
seen rotting," he said.
丹‧寇斯特在1997年首次注意到自己的CD有毀損的跡象,而壞掉的部份呈現出
小片的褐色區塊和一些零星的孔洞.
"當把CD拿起對準光線時,可以看到光穿透了那些部份" 寇斯特,這位北卡羅萊納
夏洛特 女王大學的網頁負責人說. 他估計自己近3000張的CD - 包含跨國集團和獨立
廠牌 - 有10~15%呈現毀損的跡象.
"最近幾年,甚至我才拆剛開膠膜,就發現CD已經壞了" 他說.
Koster says he kept his CDs properly stored, away from direct light and
in a cool environment free of humidity. He backed up the CDs that began
deteriorating a few years ago. They are now completely unplayable,he says.
"On a few of them, the damage is so severe the aluminum can be rubbed off
with your finger," he says.
寇斯特表示自己的CD都有妥善保存,避免光線直射,並安置在涼爽乾燥的場所.
他幾年前開始對損壞的CD做備份,如今那些母片都無法播放了. 他表示:
"其中幾張特別慘的,鋁層可以用手就直接摳下來"
The poorest-quality CDs will last less than 10 years and the best will
last 50 or more, according to U.S. Library of Congress preservation specialist
Michele Youket, who contacted Koster when she read about his CDs in an
Associated Press article.
She is leading a four-year study that will help determine whether to
transfer the library's CD data onto "a more stable medium." When Youket put
Koster's CDs under the microscope, she saw "black swirly areas, almost like
cumulus clouds...it looks like something is being eaten away."
美國國會圖書館的的保存專家蜜雪兒‧優凱認為,品質最糟的CD活不過十年,而
最好的可以撐五十年或更久. 優凱在美聯社的文章看到寇斯特的事,便與其進行接觸.
她正主導一個為期四年的研究,決定如何將圖書館中的CD資料移到更可靠的媒介.
當優凱把寇斯特的CD放到顯微鏡下,她看到了"黑色糾結的區塊,幾乎像積雲一樣...
像是有什麼東西被啃蝕掉了".
Library of Congress researchers have completed the testing process during
which discs were "soaked" in varying temperature and humidity levels in an
accelerated aging process. Youket was unable to confirm how many years of
aging the testing amounts to.
Although the testing is over, the scientists have not yet completed the
data analysis. The impending results could prove to be significant for record
companies and music aficionados worldwide.
But Youket says, "All media will degrade over time if they are made from
organic materials."
國會圖書館的研究人員完成了以下測試:將碟片"浸放"在不同溫度和濕度的環境,
並加快反應速度. 雖然優凱也無法確知這樣的加速相當於多少年的時間.
本測試已結束,但科學家還沒完全分析出那些資料. 這即將出爐的結果,對全世界
的唱片公司和愛樂者來說將具有重大意義.
但優凱說,"只要是用有機材料做的媒介,都會隨時間而衰退"
===========================================================================
最後這句不知在暗示什麼? CD(樹酯類),LP(聚乙烯?)都算有機物吧?
===========================================================================
CD rot may be caused by air sneaking under improperly sealed edges or
incorrectly applied lacquer. Air and moisture oxidize the aluminum layer,
which creates the appearance of rust, Youket explains.
"We've been seeing that, in general, the discs do hold up quite well.
The problems are in the older discs where they don't seal the edges very
well," Youket said from her office in Washington.
優凱進一步說明:CD的破壞,可能導因於空氣從封裝不良的碟片邊緣,或是不當的
印刷油墨侵入. 空氣和溼氣讓鋁層氧化,使它看起來像生鏽一般.
"我們已到,在一般情況下,碟片確實將空氣攔截的不錯,問題是那些較老的片子,
邊緣處往往沒有封的很好." 優凱在她位於華盛頓的辦公室表示.
She has seen the aluminum layer on some compact discs become completely
transparent after undergoing the testing process. CDs that have had a low
number of errors after the accelerated aging include Conjecture's 1992
album Eyes and Ears, Tommy Castro's 1997 Can't Keep a Good Man Down and
Stratton's 1995 Check out the Beat Side. CDs with a high number of errors
after testing include the Jordanaires' 1997 The Jordanaires Sing Elvis'
Favorite Gospel Songs and the Jets' 1998 Then and Now, which was completely
unplayable due to the blistering of the aluminum layer under the silver
paint.
她看到某些CD的鋁層,在測試後變成完全透明. 作完測試還只有少數錯誤的,
包含以下專輯 http://tinyurl.com/amryy , http://tinyurl.com/cxjbj ,
http://tinyurl.com/ml6jx. 錯誤比較多的,則包含了 http://tinyurl.com/bz2r3 ,
http://tinyurl.com/7kkyd ,它們因銀漆底下的鋁層因blistering而完全無法播放.
===========================================================================
似乎漏講了某些東西 : 褐色生鏽狀跟透明狀是一樣的嗎? (空氣溼氣侵入造成)
亦或先變褐色再變透明? 另外最後一句我不會翻.
===========================================================================
Music lovers may need to haul their dusty record players out of retirement.
It seems records really do keep spinning right round, baby.
John Fodi, the University of Toronto's Faculty of Music technical librarian,
says more than 50000 of the library's 78 rpm records are in playable condi-
tion. Some of them are more than 100 years old.
"If they've been well taken care of, some are better than CDs. I do have
some albums that sound better on vinyl," he said.
愛樂者或許該去倉庫拖出他們塵封已久的LP唱機,因為這些寶貝黑膠唱片們似乎還
轉得好好的.
多倫多大學音樂技術系管理系的教員約翰‧佛第(John Fodi)說,在圖書館中內有
超過五萬張的78轉SP唱片依然可以播放,其中有的已經超過100年.
"如果你好好保存,某些甚至比CD還好. 我有些專輯LP聽起來就比CD好".
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把效果好不好,跟保存難易度混在一起是不負責任的說法. 莫名奇妙.
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Although both CDs and records are stored at carefully monitored temperatures,
"I'll tell you [records] seem to last much better. You don't even need special
equipment," Fodi said.
He explains that vinyl records can be played even without a record player
or electricity.
All it would take is a horn of paper with a needle on the end, and a pencil
in the record's hole to keep it spinning, Fodi said.
"It's a simpler technology," he said.
雖然CD跟唱片都是在小心的溫度監控下儲存, "我還是得說,[唱片]似乎能撐的比
CD久,你甚至不需要什麼特殊的存放裝置." 佛第說.
他解釋黑膠唱片甚至可以不靠唱機或插電就播放.
只需要一個紙做的號角並在尾端放一根針,再用鉛筆固定唱片的中心孔好讓它旋轉,
佛第說,這是個較簡化的技術.
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LP需經過RIAA等化才能聽呀...老兄
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He can tell CDs are deteriorating when "the last tracks slowly but surely
begin bronzing, and as you get to the end of the CD you hear little clicks.
The longer they sit on the shelf the more information disappears."
The library replaced 900 CDs after discovering they were corroding because
of the paper booklets, which were high in sulphur.
They were produced in Britain in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and the
manufacturers replaced them for free.
他能看出CD在何時開始損壞 "後面幾軌會慢慢的開始銅化,到快結束時稍有雜音,
當它們待在架上越久,就有越多資料消失."
圖書館在發現某些CD被含有高量硫化物的手冊侵蝕後,替換掉計900張CD.
它們是80年晚期至90年初期在英國製造的,而製造商有提供免費替換的服務.
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這裡很突兀的插入一段跟前面無關的話題 - bronze corrosion,我之後會說明
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When asked about the best medium for preservation, Youket says "paper"
without skipping a beat.
"Good-quality paper will last for a very long period of time, in good
storage conditions."
You might not be able to hear the music, but you can keep a record of the
composition on paper, she explains.
Even thousands of years? "Easily."
當被問到什麼才是最好的保存媒介? 優凱毫不考慮得答道: "紙張."
"高品質的紙在好的環境中能維持非常久." 雖然我們不能靠紙聽音樂,但你可以記錄
樂譜,優凱做了以上表示.
那麼,甚至幾千年都OK嗎?
"輕而易舉!"
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用紙聽音樂,難道是洞孔紙捲?!
不過我要再次強調,單純的"保存"跟"能承受持續使用還能保持完好"完全是兩回事,
總不能一塊蛋糕用臘封死然後號稱這樣可以保存很久...問題是它還能吃嗎?!
最後請注意,整篇文章都沒有提到"指紋"跟"黴菌"這兩個字.
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待續...
--
愛樂社板是一片沒有小毅的淨土
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※ 編輯: sevenfeet 來自: 218.161.6.144 (09/29 13:17)