[閒聊] The World is Flat
Friedman 在他最新的著作「世界是平的」中，
他描述了一個預料之外的科技與社會變動，夷平了整個經濟世界的崎嶇，
「意外的讓邦加羅爾、北京和美國的貝西達成為隔壁的鄰居。」
今日，「各種膚色的個人和團隊將都可以隨插隨用各種資源。」
In his latest book, The World is Flat, Friedman describes the unplanned
cascade of technological and social shifts that effectively leveled the
economic world, and "accidentally made Beijing, Bangalore and Bethesda
next-door neighbors." Today, "individuals and small groups of every color
of the rainbow will be able to plug and play
Friendman 所描述的夷平機制包括了柏林圍牆的倒下，包括了 Netscape 的興起
和網路熱潮，以及其所引起數以百兆計的光纖纜線的投資，讓全球跨國合作得以
發生的共通網路平台和開放原始碼軟體，外包、海外生產、供應鍊規劃、內包
（或稱委內，承接公司內部業務）的興起。
" Friedman's list of "flatteners" includes the fall of the Berlin Wall;
the rise of Netscape and the dotcom boom that led to a trillion dollar
the rise of Netscape and the dotcom boom that led to a trillion dollar
investment in fiber optic cable; the emergence of common software platforms
and open source code enabling global collaboration; and the rise of
outsourcing, offshoring, supply chaining and insourcing.
Friedman 認為這些夷平機制在 2000 年時統合在一起運作，
「架構了一個平坦的世界：不受時間、距離、地理和越來越超越語言的限制，
透過網路的平台來進行各種知識和工作的分享。」正在這平台出現的時候，
三個巨大的經濟體跟著踏入世界舞台，印度、中國和前蘇聯。
「三十億人口原先只能袖手旁觀，現在正式踏上了舞台。」
Friedman says these flatteners converged around the year 2000,
and "created a flat world: a global, web-enabled platform for multiple
forms of sharing knowledge and work, irrespective of time, distance,
geography and increasingly, language." At the very moment this platform
emerged, three huge economies materialized -- those of India, China and
the former Soviet Union --"and three billion people who were out of the game,
walked onto the playing field."
最後一次命運的匯聚決定了美國在這個全球化的最終章中扮演的角色，
Friedman 將其描述為「政治的完美風暴」：網路泡沫化、 911 恐怖攻擊和
安隆假帳事件，正當我們必須面對全球化的事實和在新世界中競爭時，
「讓我們整個國家都分心他顧，注意力完全集中到了別的地方。」
A final convergence may determine the fate of the U.S. in this final
chapter of globalization. A "political perfect storm," as Friedman describes
it -- the dotcom bust, the attacks of 9/11, and the Enron scandal --
"distract us completely as a country." Just when we need to face the fact
of globalization and the need to compete in a new world, "we're looking
totally elsewhere."
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