[試題] 97上 林明仁 經濟學原理與實習一 期末考
課程名稱︰經濟學原理與實習一
課程性質︰必修兼A5通識
課程教師︰林明仁
開課學院：社科院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰2008.1.16
考試時限（分鐘）：3hr
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
一、選擇題(每題皆須附上說明，否則不予計分)(40 point)
1.What is the relationship between the marginal cost of output and the marginal
product of labor?
a.Marginal cost is the inverse of marginal product.
b.Marginal cost equals the wage divided by the marginal product.
c.Marginal cost is downward sloping when marginal product is downward sloping.
d.Marginal cost is constant, butmarginal product is subject to diminishing returns.
2.If the market elasticity of demand for potatoes is -0.3 in a perfectly
competitive market equilibrium, then the indivisual farmer's elasticity of demand
a.will also be -0.3
b.depends on how large a crop the farmwe produce.
c.will range between -0.3 and -1.0
d.will be infinite.
3.A monopolist has no supply curve because
a.as demamd changes, each output can be consistent with more than one profit-maxmizing price.
b.monopolist produce less output compared to competitive market.
c.monopolist has no marginal cost curve.
d.monopolist can change any price they want.
Scenario 1
Imagine that two oil companies, Big Petro Inc. and Gargantuan Gas,own adjacent
oil fields.Under the field is common pool of oil worth $48 million.Drilling a
well to recover oil costs $2 million per will.If each company drills one will,
each will get half of the oil and earn a $22 million profit($24 million in
revenue - $2 million in costs).Assume that having X percent of the toal wells
means that a company will collect X percent of the total revenue.
4.Refer to Scenario 1.If Big Petro Inc. were to drill a second well,what would
its profit be if Gargantuan Gas did not drill a second well?
a.$22 million
b.$24 million
c.$26 million
d.$28 million
5.Refer to Scenario 1.Gargantuan Gas dominant strategy would lead to what sort
of well-drilling behaviotr?
a.Gargantuan Gas will never drill a second well.
b.Gargantuan Gas will always drill a second well.
c.Gargantuan Gas will drill a second well only if Big Petro Inc.drill a well.
d.Gargantuan Gas will drill a second well only if Big Petro Inc.does not drill a well.
6.A monopolistically competitive firm has the following cost structue:
┌────────┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┐
│Output │ 1 │ 2 │ 3 │ 4 │ 5 │ 6 │ 7 │
├────────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┤
│Total cost($) │ 30 │ 32 │ 36 │ 42 │ 50 │ 63 │ 77 │
└────────┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┘
The firm faces the following demand curve:
┌────────┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┬──┐
│Price($) │ 20 │ 18 │ 15 │ 12 │ 9 │ 7 │ 4 │
├────────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┤
│Total cost($) │ 1 │ 22 │ 3 │ 4 │ 5 │ 6 │ 7 │
└────────┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┘
To maximizing profit (or maximizing losses), the firm will produce
a.2 units.
b.3 units.
c.4 units.
d.5 units.
7.Dane's Auto World installs ties on automobiles, light trucks, and sport
utility vehicles. She is a profit-maximizing business owner whose firm operates
in a competitive market.The marginal cost of installing a tire is $10. The
marginal productivity of the last worker that Diane hired was 2 tires per hour.
What is the maximum hourly wages that Daine was willing to pay the last worker
hired?
a.$5
b.$10
c.$20
d.There is insufficient information to answer this question.
8.In the small town of Hamilton, Montana, there is a local hardware store
called Eddy's Hardware.There are only two type of workers who apply for jobs at
Eddy's Hardware:cowboys and farm boys.Local politicans havr received numerous
complaints that Eddy's Hardware. is practicing wage discrimination against
maximizing profit. Which of the following statements would weaken the discrimi-
nation complaint against Eddy's Hardware?
a.Cowboys are more productive than farm boys.
b.Cowboys work longer hous than farm boys and their efforts is greater.
c.Cowboys are generally less eduacated tahn farm boys in the feild of hardware.
d.All of the above woulld weaken the discrimination complaint.
9.Coal mining is a dangerous an dirty job. Suppose someone developed new
machinery that made coal minig safer and cleaner; at the same time, it made
coal miners more productive. We would expect that wages of coal miners would
a.rise.
b.fall.
c.stay exactly the same.
d.rise,fall,or stay the same.
10.A bakery produces bread using three kinds of machines as fixed factors and
flour as variable factor. The bakery'sshort run productionfunction is
q=200x-x^2 ,where x is the amount of flouruses and q is the amount of bread
baked. The price of bread is $4 per unit and the price of the flour is $40 per
unit.In the short run, how many units of x should the firm use?
a.31.66 units.
b.80 units.
c.200 units.
d.95 units.
二、問答與計算題(Calculations)(60 point)
1.(8 points)
a.b.小題請計算一階微分，c.小題請求解函數的極大值以及相對應的x值。
a.(2 ponits)
f(x)=(4x^3 - 7x + 3)^2 - 3x
b.(2 points)
f(x)=(3x^2 - 4x + 8) / (x+1)
c.(4 points)
f(x)=(x^2 - 10x + 16) / x
2.(20 points)
女神與上一個世紀狐狸是兩家電影公司，而影片市場的反需求函數為P = 120 - 10Q ，
若兩家有相同的成本函數TC = 10 + 5q^2 。請問：
a.(5 points)
若兩家廠商勾結成為Cartel，市場的均衡價格以及兩家廠商所提供的數量與利潤分別是多
少？
b.(3 points)
請問a.小題的均衡是否是穩定的均衡？若是，請說明理由；若不是，請找出寡佔市場的穩
定均衡。
c.(6 points)
若兩家電影公司分別只有q=2,3,4可作決策，請寫出此賽局的償付矩陣(Payoff Matrix)。
d.(4 points)
(承c.小題)請解釋何謂優勢策略(Dominant Strategy)，並判斷此賽局是否有優勢策略？
(若有，請寫出優勢策略為何)。
e.(2 points)
(承c.小題)
請者出此賽局的納許均衡(Nash Equilibrium)。
3.(12 points)
電影院每天播放電影的生產函數為Q = (2K^0.5)*(L^0.5)，K是播放電影時的硬體設備，固
定於 K = K-bar = 4 ，L是播放電影的勞動需求。
a.(2 points)
若一天要播放16場電影，需要請多少位員工？
b.(2 points)
假設工資為 $16 / 天，硬體設備的租金為一單位$400 / 天，請找出該電影院播放電影的
成本函數。(與a.小題無關)
若看電影的人可分為兩種人--學生與成年人，其反需求函數如下：
學生：Ps = 500 - 3Qs
成人：Pa = 700 - 5Qa
c.(4 points)
(承b.小題)若是場上只有一家電影院，電影院的成本函數如b.小題。請問在可以差別取價
之下，兩個市場的均衡價格及數量為何？
d.(4 points)
(承b.小題)若是電影院無法區分學生與成年人，僅訂定一種價格，則市場的均衡價格及數
量為何？
4.(10 points)
Suppose the demand curve for DVDs is given as Qd = 300 - 10P ,th3 total cost of
producing DVDs for this industry is TC = 21.6 + 6Q + 0.05Q^2
a.(2 points)
If it is a perfect competitive industry, what will be the price charged and
output produced?
b.(2 points)
If it is a monopolist, what will be the price charged and output produced?
c.(3 points)
Calculate the deadweight loss from monopolization.
d.(3 points)
If TC is the total cost function of the monopolistic competition firm, and the
market demand faced by this firm is Qd = A - 10P, what will be the value of A
in long-run equilibrium of this market?
5.(10 points)
Suppose that, in the short run, labor is the only variable input used by a
perfectly competitive firm producing computer.The firm's production function
is as follows:
┌────────┬─┬─┬─┬─┬─┬─┬─┬─┬─┬─┐
│Days of Labor │1 │2 │3 │4 │5 │6 │7 │8 │9 │10│
├────────┼─┼─┼─┼─┼─┼─┼─┼─┼─┼─┤
│Units of Output │0 │10│19│27│34│40│45│49│54│55│
└────────┴─┴─┴─┴─┴─┴─┴─┴─┴─┴─┘
a.(2 points)
Suppose that the firm pays its workers $50 per day.Each unit of output sells
for $10.How many days of labor should the firm hire?
b.(2 points)
Compute the labor demand function for all wages from zero to $100 whe computer
price is $10.
c.(2 points)
(Continuing with b.)If labor supply function is w = 20 + 8L ,what is the labor
market equilibrium?
d.(4 points)
Show the effect of each of the following events on the market for labor in the
computer manufacturing industry.
(a) Government buys personal computers for all college students.
(b) More college students major in engineering and computer science.
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01/18 02:49, , 1F
01/18 02:49, 1F