[試題] 97上 劉錦添 經濟學一 期中考
課程名稱︰經濟學一
課程性質︰選修可抵通識
課程教師︰劉錦添
開課學院：社科學院
開課系所︰經濟系
考試日期（年月日）︰97/11/12
考試時限（分鐘）：9:10~11:10
是否需發放獎勵金：是
（如未明確表示，則不予發放）
試題 :
1.The supply and demand for ice cream cones are described by the following
equations:
Supply: Q^S=-30+38P
Demand: Q^D=90-2P
Q is the quantity of ice cream cones per day, and P is the price per cone
(in dollars).
a. Graph the supply curve and the demand curve. What is the equilibrium
price and quantity?
b. Calculate consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus at the
equilibrium.
c. If a dictator who hated ice cream were to outlaw the sale of ice cream
cones, who would bear the larger burden—the buyers or the sellers of
ice cream cones?
2.In the country of Taxopia, the price of a movie ticket is $8 and 3000 movie
tickets are sold daily.
a. To raise revenue, the government of Taxopia decides to charge movie
theaters a tax of $2 per ticket sold. After the tax is imposed, the price
of a ticket rises to $9.25 and the number of tickets sold falls to 2200.
Calculate the amount of revenue this tax raises for Taxopia and the
deadweight loss of the tax.
(Hint: The area of a triangle is 1/2 ×base × height.)
b. The government now decides to double the tax to $4 per ticket sold.
The price rises to $10.5 and the number of tickets sold falls to 1400.
Calculate the tax revenue and deadweight loss with this larger tax.
Do they double, more than double, or less than double? Explain.
3.Evaluate the following two statements. Do you agree? Why or why not?
a. "If the government taxes land, wealthy landowners will pass the tax on
to their poorer renters."
b. "If the government taxes apartment buildings, wealthy landlords will pass
the tax on to their poorer renters."
4.Corn has an elastic demand, and gasoline has an inelastic demand. Suppose
that the government places a tax on each product that lowers the supply of
each product by half (that is, the quantity supplied at each price is 50
percent of what it was.)
a. What happens to the equilibrium price and quantity in each market?
b. Which product experiences a larger change in price?
c. Which product experiences a larger change in quantity?
d. What happens to total consumer spending on each product?
5.Consider the following policies, each of which is aimed at reducing obesity
by reducing the consumption of hamburgers. Illustrate each of the proposed
policies in a supply-and-demand diagram of the market for hamburgers.
a. a price floor on hamburgers
b. a tax on hamburger consumers
c. a subsidy to chicken producers that lowers the price of chicken
sandwiches
d. a tax on hamburger producers
6.A subsidy is the opposite of a tax. With a $0.5 tax on buyers of ice-cream
cones, the government collects $0.5 for each cone purchased; with a $0.5
subsidy for the buyers of ice-cream cones, the government pays buyers $0.5
for each cone purchased.
a. Show the effect of a $0.5 per cone subsidy on the demand curve for
ice-cream cones, the effective price paid by consumers, the effective
price received by sellers, and the quantity of cones sold.
b. Do consumers gain or lose from this policy? Do producers gain or lose?
Does the government gain or lose?
7.Assume the United States is an importer of cameras and there are no trade
restrictions. U.S. consumers buy 2 million cameras per year, of which 600000
are produced domestically and 1.4 million are imported.
a. Suppose that a technological advance among Japanese camera manufactures
causes the world price of cameras to fall by $15. Draw a graph to show
how this change affects the welfare of U.S. consumers and U.S. producers
and how it affects total surplus in the United States.
b. After the fall in price, U.S. consumers buy 2.5 million cameras, of which
400000 are produced domestically and 2.1 million are imported. Calculate
the change in consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus from
the price reduction.
c. If the government responded by putting a $15 tariff on imported cameras,
what would this do? Calculate the revenue that would be raised and the
deadweight loss. Would it be a good policy from the standpoint of U.S.
welfare? Who might support this policy?
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