[新聞] biobank大新聞@@"
作者: demonhom (貍貓) 看板: NTHU_LST_93A
標題: [新聞] biobank大新聞@@"
時間: Thu Mar 2 23:26:32 2006
Copy from Washingtonpost.com
Universal Stem Cell Principles Proposed
Rules Would Guide Research Efforts
By Rick Weiss
Washington Post Staff Writer
Thursday, March 2, 2006; A12
Opinions have also differed as to whether it is proper for scientists facing
restrictions at home to conduct the banned research in countries where it is
allowed -- a practice some call "research tourism."
爭議點一:是否允許"國內禁止研究stem cell的科學家"前往"允許研究的國家"進行實驗
Still, proponents say, even a nominally successful effort to define generally
acceptable practices could greatly help the fledgling science by facilitating
the kind of international collaboration that has paid off in less-contentious
fields.
爭議點一之例子:廣泛的國際合作
"It's very difficult in labs today to have all the expertise yourself," said
Peter J. Donovan, a biology professor at the University of California at
Irvine, who worked on last week's consensus statement.
The Hinxton Group agreed on 15 principles and strategies.
(請參考原始文件 本文底下有連結)
While recognizing that each society has the authority to regulate science,
for example, the group called on legislators to be "circumspect" and refrain
from interfering with the pursuit of scientific knowledge "unless good and
sufficient justification can be produced."
結論一:該會議體認各國有管制主權,
但希望各國管制單位對於學術研究之干涉能慎重小心
The group encouraged lawmakers to be "clear and explicit" when they do pass
restrictions. That has been a major sticking point in Massachusetts, where
stem cell researchers and lawyers have spent months and a large number of
billable hours trying to understand what is legal there.
The Hinxton Group agreed that scientists should not be subject to prosecution
for going abroad to conduct research banned at home. That matters to Israeli
scientists who travel abroad to solicit eggs from women because human egg
donation is illegal at home. But it would not protect German scientists who
create human embryonic stem cell colonies in foreign labs to avoid Germany's
ban because the German constitution explicitly proclaims "extraterritorial
reach" over its citizens.
結論二:該會議認為"本國禁止研究之科學家"不應被禁止在外國從事相關研究
但是由於德國憲法以對該爭議做出規範,因此該結論排除德國科學家之適用
Consensus among the Hinxton participants was achieved in part by sidestepping
some of the more difficult issues, such as the moral status of embryos -- a
hot-button topic obliquely acknowledged in a recommendation that "any risk of
harm should be commensurate with expected overall benefit."
結論三:在處理embryos道德地位時,建議必須確認可預見之利益高於損害發生之風險.
On the issue of protecting human life, it deals only with "born, identifiable
human persons," such as egg donors and patients who might participate in stem
cell clinical trials, said Ruth R. Faden, executive director of the Phoebe R.
Berman Bioethics Institute at Johns Hopkins University and a member of the
group. With Donovan and others, Faden described the group's deliberations
yesterday at a Washington seminar sponsored by the American Association for
the Advancement of Science and the British Embassy.
結論四:在討論保護人類生命時,僅處理(deal)採納"出生後(bron),
可明確識別的(identifiable)人" EX:egg donors, patients
The Hinxton effort began long before recent revelations that researchers at
Seoul National University had lied about their accomplishments, and little
time was devoted to discussing that problem -- viewed by many as having
little to do with stem cell research specifically. But several of its
recommendations focus on the responsibility of scientific journal editors to
ensure that stem cell studies are conducted with adequate scientific and
ethical rigor -- a reflection of concerns raised in the aftermath of the
Korean debacle.
結論五:在研究幹細胞議題時,更應關注科學雜誌編輯者的責任
The group's consensus statement (at
http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/bioethics/finalsc.doc ) calls upon journals to
require explicit descriptions of each author's contribution, especially when
collaborators come from countries with different rules. It also recommends
that journal editors demand signed statements from authors that they adhered
to relevant laws and regulations, and a statement describing any conflicts of
interest.
(c) 2006 The Washington Post Company
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