[排外且老化的國家] 日本
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/04/15/national/japans-population-drops-for-third-straight-year-25-are-elderly/#.U1Nq1WyKB6o
日本總人口連續三年減少，且25%是65歲以上的老人(比20歲以下的人口還多)
Japan population drops for third year straight; 25% are elderly
AFP-JIJI, Kyodo
Japan’s population has shrunk for the third year running, with the elderly
making up a quarter of the total for the first time, government data showed
Tuesday.
The number of people in the world’s third-largest economy dropped by 0.17
percent or 217,000 people, to 127,298,000 as of last Oct. 1, the data said.
This figure includes long-staying foreigners.
The number of people aged 65 or over rose by 1.1 million to 31.9 million,
accounting for 25.1 percent of the population, it said.
With its low birthrate and long life expectancy, Japan is rapidly graying and
already has one of the world’s highest proportions of elderly people.
The aging population is a headache for policymakers who are faced with trying
to ensure an ever-dwindling pool of workers can pay for the growing number of
pensioners.
The country has very little immigration. Any suggestion of opening its
borders to young workers who could help plug the population gap provokes
strong reactions among the public.
The proportion of people aged 65 or over is forecast to reach nearly 40
percent of the population in 2060, the government has warned.
Meanwhile, the country’s main working population aged 15 to 64 fell below 80
million as of Oct. 1, for the first time in 32 years due to the country’s
rapidly aging society, according to the government data.
Of the total, the workforce stood at 79,010,000, down 1,165,000.
The decline in the major workforce is due to the growing number of people in
Japan’s baby-boom generation who have turned 65.
Analysts said the latest estimate have sparked concerns that current
wage-earners will have to shoulder additional burdens in paying for the
swelling social security costs for the graying population.
A reduced workforce is also feared to weaken the economy, they said.
The number of people aged 65 and older came to 31,898,000, an increase of
1,105,000, accounting for 25.1 percent of the total population, according to
the estimate.
The proportion of people aged 14 or younger dropped to a record low of 12.9
percent.
The number of deaths over the one-year period from October 2012 exceeded the
number of births, seeing the total population of Japanese fall by 0.2 percent
to 125,704,000.
The number of foreign nationals saw the first increase in five years, as more
foreigners entered the country than left it.
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