[轉錄][閒聊] Draft History
※ [本文轉錄自 Raptors 看板]
作者: RafaelAraujo (中鋒才是王道啊！) 看板: Raptors
標題: [閒聊] Draft History
時間: Sun Jun 12 06:37:29 2005
我睡不著，只好找些外電來翻，希望能讓我轉學考英文更高分XD
Evolution of the Draft and Lottery
1947-65: Territorial Picks
In the league's early years, when teams were struggling to include fan bases,
the draft included territorial picks. Before the start of the draft, a team
could forfeit its first-round pick and instead select a player from its
immediate area, presumably with a strong local following.
In 1956, the Celtics used a territorial pick to select Tom Heinsohn from Holy
Cross in nearby Worcester, Mass. He went on to average 18.6 points and 8.8
rebounds, helping the Celtics to eight NBA championships in his nine-year
career.
1947-65 地域選秀
在聯盟的早些年裡，當球隊苦於增加當地球迷時，就會用地域選秀，
在開始選秀之前，球隊可以放棄他的第一輪選秀來選當地出身的球員，
希望能藉此以增加當地票房。
在1956年，Celtics用地域選秀權選了來自Holy Cross（Worcester,
Mass）的 Tom Heinsohn。他平均有18.6分和8.8個板子，在他生涯的
9年中為Celtics拿了8個冠軍。
1966-84: Coin Flip
In 1966, the league adopted a coin flip between the last-place finishers in
each of its two divisions to determine which team would open the draft, a
system that remained in place until the first lottery in 1985. The remaining
teams picked in inverse order of their won-lost records.
In 1979, the 31-51 Chicago Bulls called "heads" and the coin came up "tails,"
thereby giving the first pick to the 26-56 New Orleans Jazz. But the Jazz had
to compensate the Lakers for having signed Los Angeles free agent Gail
Goodrich and did so with three draft picks, including New Orleans' first
round pick in 1979. This became the No. 1 pick after the coin toss, which in
turn became Magic Johnson out of Michigan State.
The next season, led by their rookie guard, the Lakers became NBA champions
for the second time since moving to Los Angeles. Oh yes, and the New Orleans
Jazz became the Utah Jazz.
1966-84：丟硬幣
在1966年，兩個分區最爛的球隊用丟硬幣決定最後的順序，哪一支球隊能
得到第一選秀權，這個方法一直到1985年才被樂透取代，而剩下的球隊就
用戰績來決定順序。
在1979年，31勝51敗的公牛隊賭輸了（他賭正面，而爵士隊賭反面），因此
第一順位被26勝56敗的爵士拿走，但是爵士必須用3個選秀權補償湖人隊（
包括這個狀元籤），因為他簽下了他們的自由球員Gail Goodrich，而這個
狀元就是來自Michigan State的Magic Johnson。
下個球季，這個菜鳥後衛幫湖人得到他們搬到Los Angeles後的第2個冠軍，
沒錯，當年的New Orleans Jazz 在下個球季變成了Utah Jazz。
1985: The First Lottery
Under the system adopted prior to the 1985 NBA Draft, the NBA Lottery
determined the order of selection for the non-playoff teams (or the teams
holding their picks through trades) for the first round only. Teams picked in
inverse order of their records in the second round in all succeeding rounds.
In 1985, the jackpot of the very first NBA draft lottery was 7-0 Georgetown
center Patrick Ewing. All seven teams that didn't make the playoffs had an
equal chance of landing the No.1 pick and thereby, Ewing. A lucky bounce of
the ping pong balls made the New York Knicks the first draft lottery winner
and then-general manager (and Hall of Famer) Dave DeBusschere rose from his
seat with a celebratory fist pump.
New York selected Ewing with the first overall pick in the 1985 draft and
Ewing went on to play 15 seasons for the Knicks, leading them to the playoffs
13 times.
1985:第一次樂透
在1985年，NBA選秀制度又有了新的改變，用樂透來決定那些沒打進季後
賽的球隊（或經由交易而得到那個選秀權的球隊）第一輪的選秀順序，而
其他順序就由戰績來決定。
在1985年，當年的超級新人是來自Georgetown的7尺中鋒Patrick Ewing，
有7支沒打進季後賽的球隊有相等的機會能得到狀元籤，並因而選到Ewing
，最後幸運的贏家是New York Knicks，他們的GM Dave DeBusschere（入選
名人堂）高興的從座位上跳起來。
紐約用狀元籤選了Ewing，而Ewing為紐約打了15年的球，並且帶領球隊13度
打入季後賽。
（事實上，有謠言傳出聯盟為了讓Patrick Ewing到大都市紐約，用冰過的
信封來作弊。）
1987-Present: Top Three Teams
Under a procedural change adopted by the Board of Governors in October of
1986, the Lottery determined the order of selection for the first three teams
only. The remaining non-playoff teams selected in inverse order of their
regular season records. Therefore, the team with the worst record in the
league was assured of picking no worse than fourth, the team with the
second-worst record no worse than fifth and so on.
In 1987, the Clippers finished with a league-worst 12-70 record, but didn't
strike it lucky in the lottery and under the new rules, wound up with the
fourth pick. The Spurs, who had the fourth-worst record at 28-54 struck gold
with Navy center David Robinson at No. 1. Only one of the three worst teams
that year wound up with one of the top three picks -- New Jersey, which
picked Ohio State guard Dennis Hopson.
In 1988, again only one of the three worst teams wound up with one of the top
three picks, but at least this time, the Clippers' lowest winning percentage
paid off and L.A. won the draft lottery. The Clippers used the No. 1 pick on
Kansas forward Danny Manning.
1987：三支「頂尖」的球隊
在1986年10月，制度有了改變，樂透只用來決定前3順位，剩下的用戰績的倒序來決定
，全聯盟戰績最爛的球隊不得低於第4順位，第二爛的不低於第5順位，依此類推。在
1987年，快艇隊有著全聯盟最爛的成績--12勝70負，但並沒有在新制度下得到好處，
只拿到了第4順位。馬刺隊---全聯盟第4爛的戰績--28勝54負，拿到了狀元籤，選了
海軍中鋒David Robinson。當年全聯盟3大爛隊只有一隻拿到前3順位，就是紐澤西
，他們選了Ohio State的後衛Dennis Hopson。
在1988年，又一次3大爛隊中只有一隻拿到前3順位，這次是快艇隊，他有三大爛隊中
最低的機率，不過他們贏得了樂透，他們選了Kansas的前鋒Danny Manning.
1989-Present: Just Two Rounds
In the early years of the draft, teams would select players until they ran
out of prospects. The 1960 draft went 21 rounds. By 1974, it had stabilized
to 10 rounds, which held up until 1985, when the draft was shortened to seven
rounds. By agreement with the National Basketball Players' Association, the
drafts from 1989 onward have been limited to two rounds, which gives
undrafted players the chance to try out for any team.
Since the draft went to two rounds, eight second-round picks have gone on to
become All-Stars: Jazz guard Jeff Hornacek (1992), Pistons forward Dennis
Rodman (1992), Lakers guard Cedric Ceballos (1995), Raptors center Antonio
Davis (2001), Bucks guard Michael Redd (2004), Wizards guard Gilbert Arenas
(2005), Spurs guard Manu Ginobili (2005) and Sonics forward Rashard Lewis
(2005). In 2003, Detroit's Ben Wallace and Indiana's Brad Miller became the
first undrafted players to make the All-Star team.
1989-只有兩輪
在早些年的選秀，球隊必須要把所有的球員選光，像1960年有21輪，1974年固定為
10輪，直到1985年縮短為7輪，在NBA的同意之下，1989年起只有兩輪，但是那些沒
入選的球員可以去任何球隊做測試。
自從選秀改為兩輪後，有8個第二輪明星球員產生了：爵士隊後衛Jeff Hornacek (1992)
，活塞隊前鋒forward DennisRodman (1992), 湖人隊後衛 Cedric Ceballos (1995),
暴龍隊中鋒Antonio Davis (2001),公鹿隊後衛Michael Redd (2004),巫師隊後衛Gilbert
Arenas(2005),馬刺隊後衛Manu Ginobili (2005)和超音速隊前鋒Rashard Lewis(2005)
。在2003年底特律的Ben Wallace和印第安那的Brad Miller成了第一次有沒被選上卻入選
明星隊的球員。
1990-Present: Weighted Lottery System
In a further refinement in October of 1989, the Board of Governors adopted a
weighted system beginning with the 1990 NBA Draft Lottery, which included 11
teams due to expansion. The team with the worst record during the regular
season received 11 chances at the top pick (out of a total of 66), the
second-worst team got 10 chances and the team with the best record among the
non-playoff clubs got one chance.
The Magic defied the new lottery odds by winning the No. 1 pick two years in
a row. In 1992, the weighted system worked in their favor as they parlayed
the second-worst record (21-61) into LSU center Shaquille O'Neal. O'Neal
helped Orlando make a 20-win improvement and the Magic just missed the
playoffs at .500 in 1993. With just one chance out of 66, the Magic scored
the No. 1 pick yet again and selected Michigan forward Chris Webber, trading
him immediately to the Warriors for the draft rights to the No. 3 pick,
Memphis guard Penny Hardaway and three future draft picks.
1990:加權的樂透系統
在1989年，有了新的樂透系統，並在1990年的選秀上實行，當年的樂透，包括擴充球隊
共有11隊參加。有最差戰績的球隊有11/66的機會抽到狀元，第2差的是10/66，而這些球
隊中戰績最好的只有1/66的機率抽到狀元籤。
魔術隊違抗了這種機率，兩續兩年得到了狀元，在1992年，他們以全聯盟第二爛的戰績作
為賭注在這個系統下抽到了狀元籤，選了LSU的中鋒Shaquille O'Neal，O'Neal幫魔術隊
多贏了20場球，但他們仍以五成的勝率錯過了季後賽，所以只有1/66的機會，但魔術隊
又抽到了狀元籤，並選了Michigan大學的前鋒Chris Webber，不過立刻把他交易到勇士
隊，換回了Memphis的後衛Penny Hardaway和三個未來的選秀權。
The Board of Governors approved a modification of the Lottery system in
November of 1993 that, effective with the 1994 NBA Draft Lottery, increased
the chances of the teams with the worst records in the league winning one of
the top three picks in the draft while decreasing the lottery chances of the
teams with the best records. The new system increased the chances of the team
with the worst record drawing the first pick in the draft from 16.7 percent
to 25 percent, while decreasing the chances of the team with the best record
among lottery teams from 1.5 percent to 0.5 percent.
樂秀系統又在1993年11月被修改，在1994年生效，增加了全聯盟最爛球隊的贏得前3順位
的機會，並減少他們之中戰績最好球隊的機會，新的系統增加了全聯盟最爛球隊贏得狀
元籤的機會從16.7％到25％，他們之中最好球隊則是從1.5％降到0.5％
Under the system, 14 ping-pong balls numbered 1 through 14 are placed in a
drum. There are 1,001 possible combinations when four balls are drawn out of
14, without regard to their order of selection. Prior to the Lottery, 1,000
combinations are assigned to the Lottery teams based on their order of finish
during the regular season. Four balls are drawn to the top to determine a
four-digit combination. The team that has been assigned that combination will
receive the number one pick. The four balls are placed back in the drum and
the process is repeated to determine the number two and three picks. (Note:
If the one unassigned combination is drawn, the balls are drawn to the top
again.)
在這個系統的規範下，14個放在箱子的乒乓球有編號從1一直到14，當從14個球中取出4
個球時總共有1001種組合，再不考慮先後順序的情況下，參加樂透選秀的球隊依照例行
賽戰績分配共可得到1000種組合，4個乒乓球會被升到箱子的頂端成為四位數字的組合，
而被分配那那個組合的球隊就能得到第一順位選秀權。然後這四個球又被放回去，然後
又過程重複，來決定第二和第三順位。（註：如果抽出的組合情?不在分配的範圍之內，
那就再重抽一次。）
1996-2003: 13-team Lottery
In October of 1995, the Board of Governors increased the number of teams
participating in the Lottery from 11 to 13 to account for the addition of
expansion teams Toronto and Vancouver. Starting in 1996, the team with the
worst record in the Lottery continued to have a 25% chance (250 combinations)
of winning the first pick, teams two (20%; 200 combinations) through six
(6.4%; 64 combinations) have slightly fewer chances, team seven (4.4%; 44
combinations) has the same number of chances and teams eight (2.9%; 29
combinations) through 12 (0.6%; six combinations) have slightly more chances.
The number of chances for team 13 (0.5%; five combinations) did not change.
Tied teams split the number of chances and a blind draw determines which team
receives an extra chance if the combined number of chances can not be split
evenly.
1996-2003：13隊的樂透
在1995年10月，參加樂透抽籤的球隊從11隊增加到13隊，多出的兩隊就是Toronto和
Vancouver。從1996年起，戰績最差的球隊依然有25％的機會（250組組合）贏得狀元
籤，第二的則是從20%，200組減少成6.4％，64組，第七依然不變，4.4％，44組，從第
八的（2.9％，29組）到第12間（0.6％，6組）機率則有些微的增加，而第13（0.5％，
5組）依然不變。若球隊戰績相同則平分組合，當無法平分時，用丟銅板來決定額外的
機會。
2004-Present: 14-team Lottery
The 2004 NBA Draft Lottery increased to 14 teams with the addition of the
Charlotte Bobcats. Although a part of the 2004 Draft Lottery the Bobcats are
locked into the fourth position in the Draft and therefore do not have a
chance to receive other picks in the Lottery. The 2004 NBA Draft Lottery
essentially decides picks one through three and four through 14.
2004：14隊的樂透
2004年的樂透因為Charlotte Bobcats所以增為14隊。因為山貓隊拿了第四順位，
所以就不能再參加樂透，2004年NBA選秀實質上要決定的順位只有1到3和5到14順位。
PS.那年山貓拿4和33去和快艇換2，選了Emeka Okafor。
翻的不太好，請見諒...
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因為喜歡尼克
所以改型叫NYK 囉^^
http://www.wretch.cc/album/NYK
被叫去當拍照的MODEL 真爽^^
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