[分享] 戴爾美語 李維老師雅思寫作TASK 1分享
雅思寫作描寫趨勢的動詞─下降類 by李維
雅思Task 1是在考驗將視覺化的圖表文字化的語言轉換能力。你會遇到的圖表有chart,
graph, table, diagram這四種，但不管哪一種，這些圖表都在呈現趨向、走勢在一段期
間中的變化。因此，能否精確使用上升、下降、波動、穩定類的詞語就成了能否獲得評
分員青睞的關鍵。底下針對下降類的動詞做一個分類整理與用法討論：
1.fall: 下跌，原意為跌倒、跌落。類同go down, decrease，fall是最籠統表下降的動
詞，因此常銜接by+數字來表具體的下降幅度，也需要搭配其他副詞如significantly,
sharply, slightly, steadily等來表下降程度。例如：Their profits have fallen
by 20%. Retail sales fell sharply in May.
2.drop: 下跌，原意為落下、掉下。類同fall/go down/decrease，drop是一般性表下降
的動詞，常搭配副詞rapidly, sharply, steadily, markedly等。例如：Unemployment
rates have dropped from 12 % to 7 %. Prices have dropped steadily over the
last three years.
3.sink: 下降，原意為物體下沈、沈入水面下。可搭配副詞dramatically, considerably
或上述副詞。例如：Gold prices have sunk to a five-year low. Crude oil prices
have sunk considerably in the past six months.
4.decline: 下滑，原意還有衰退、衰弱之意。可搭配副詞大致同上述副詞。
例如：The sales have declined by 20% as a result of the recession.
The number of staff has declined from 500 to 300.
5.slump: 暴跌，有突然減少、猛然跌落的意思，類似語意的還有plunge一詞。因語意特
定，較少與副詞搭配，若仍需搭配則用heavily, rapidly, sharply。
例如：Real estate prices have slumped to a new low.
Profits slumped by 40%.
6.plummet: 重挫，原意為突然從高處迅速筆直墜落。plummet算是下降類動詞中的最高級
，因語意特定而鮮少另搭副詞。例如：His approval ratings have plummeted to an
all-time low. We saw the city's population plummet from approximately
36,000 to less than 200,000.
請注意，上述動詞皆當不及物動詞用，因此常與介係詞連用：與by連用表數據的差距，
與to連用表數據的結果。
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