[新聞] 大麻其實沒那麼傷腦,烈酒還比較嚴重已回收
http://t.cn/RnmgbvL
Marijuana may not be as damaging to the brain as previously thought,
according to new research from the University of Colorado Boulder and the CU
Change Lab.
根據科羅拉多波德分校以及CU實驗室的新研究指出:
大麻可能沒有我們原本想的那麼傷腦。
The research, which was published in the journal Addiction, examined the
brains of more than 1,000 participants of varying ages, and found that
long-term alcohol use is much more damaging to the brain than marijuana,
contradicting years of research into the effects of marijuana and other
cannabinoid products on the brain.
這實驗有被發行到一本名為Addiction的刊物上。它檢查超過1000名不同年齡層的參與者
,發現長期的酗酒比吸大麻更傷腦。這研究跟大麻以及其他大麻相關用品的研究結果相牴
觸。
These findings, and other conclusions suggesting the potential public health
benefits of marijuana, come amid the recent back-and-forth on federal
marijuana policy and the nation’s opioid crisis.
這結果以及其他認為大麻能帶來公共衛生效益的言論,隨著最近聯邦大麻政策的正反論戰
,以及國家的鴉片危機,也跟著浮出檯面。
Yet scientists are still hesitant to say that cannabinoid usage, specifically
as it pertains to marijuana and its associated products, is beneficial.
但是科學家還是不敢保證說大麻(藥用)的使用是有益的。尤其只要有大麻菸草
及其相關產品,科學家都不敢保證。
"Particularly with marijuana use, there is still so much that we don't know
about how it impacts the brain," said Rachel Thayer, a graduate student in
clinical psychology at CU Boulder and the lead author of the study. "Research
is still very limited in terms of whether marijuana use is harmful, or
beneficial, to the brain."
「尤其呼麻這行為,會怎麼影響大腦?我們知道的太少了。」CU波德分校碩士臨床心理學
生(同時也是這研究的作者)Rachel Thayer表示。「對於大麻是否對大腦有害,或是有益
?研究能夠知道的仍然非常有限。」
While the negative effects of alcohol on the brain have been known by
researchers for years, it has been assumed that cannabinoids are as damaging
to long-term brain health—if not more—given the immediate psychoactive
effects of the THC (the chemical that gets a person high) in marijuana.
酗酒對大腦的負面效果早就被研究發現好幾年了;而大家也認為大麻也是這樣的長遠下
來會破壞大腦的健康。在這種大麻會讓人立刻嗨起來的精神作用下,就算沒有更嚴重
,至少也應該持平。
However, this may not necessarily be true.
但這可能不是真實的情況。
"When you look at the research much more closely, you see that a lot of it is
probably not accurate," said study co-author Kent Hutchison, a professor of
behavioral neuroscience at CU Boulder and co-director of the CU Change Lab,
which explores the factors linked with health and risk behavior.
「如果你認真看這個實驗,你會發現很多東西可能不是準確的。」這研究的共同作家
Kent Huchison,同時也是CU實驗室(研究發現會導致健康或是有風險的因子分析)
的共同執行人以及CU的行為神經學教授表示。
"When you look at these studies going back years, you see that one study will
report that marijuana use is related to a reduction in the volume of the
hippocampus. The next study then comes around, and they say that marijuana
use is related to changes in the cerebellum or the whatever."
「你如果看前幾年的研究,你會發現有一個研究指出大麻的使用會減少大腦的海馬體。
然後下一個研究就跑出來,說大麻跟小腦的變化還是什麼的有關係。」
"The point is that there’s no consistency across all of these studies in
terms of the actual brain structures."
「重點是,這些研究沒有對實際大腦的結構有任何直接的連結。」
To combat this misconception in the existing literature, the researchers gave
a fresh look at some existing neurological imaging data from the MRIs of both
adolescents and adults to see how, using the same variables and controls, the
influence of cannabinoids on the brain compared to or contrasted with
alcohol.
為了糾正現存研究上的誤解,研究員對目前青少年以及成人MRI的神經圖片做研究,想看
出在同樣的變數以及控制下,大麻跟酒精對大腦的影響到底是如何。
"With alcohol, we’ve known it’s bad for the brain for decades," said
Hutchison. "But for cannabis, we know so little."
「我們幾十年來早就知道酒精對大腦不好,但我們對大麻知道的太少。」
To see any potential difference, the researchers used the data to examine the
most important neurological components: gray matter and white matter.
研究者用這些數據來檢查最重要的神經組織:灰質與白質,來看有沒有任何潛在的差異。
Gray and white matter are the two main types of tissue that make up the brain
and central nervous system. Gray matter is the "stuff"—the cell bodies,
dendrites and axon terminals—that enable functionality. White matter, then,
is how the grey matter communicates between clusters. Any loss of size or
integrity in either can make the brain not work quite like it should.
灰質和白質是組成大腦中樞神經系統重要的組成元素之二。灰質是「物件」,也就是
細胞本身,樹圖與軸突終端,這些東西能夠使大腦作用起來。而白質是灰質如何在群
體與群體之間連結的橋樑。任何大小或是結構上的損失都可能會讓大腦以不如原本應該
運作的方式作用。
The study found that alcohol use was significantly associated with a decrease
in gray matter size and white matter integrity, particularly for adults who
may have decades of exposure. Marijuana and associated cannabinoid products,
on the other hand, were not shown to have any long-term impact on the amount
of gray matter in the brain or on the integrity of the white matter.
研究發現:酗酒跟灰質減少以及白質結構性降低很有關聯。尤其對那些酗酒多年的成人
來說,非常嚴重。而大麻以及大麻相關產品,卻沒有任何長期下對灰質以及白質結構性
的傷害以及損失。
The research demonstrated that, "while marijuana may also have some negative
consequences, it definitely is nowhere near the negative consequences of
alcohol," according to Hutchison.
研究指出「大麻可能會有不好的效用,但跟喝酒比起來真的是小巫見大巫了。」
Despite marijuana not being as harmful as once thought, and definitely not as
damaging as other legal and illegal products, the research has not yet proved
any possible benefits. This is particularly the case as it relates to the
different products on the market (both THC and non-THC-containing cannabinoid
products), their usage with pain and addiction treatment and the effect on
different ages — especially as cannabinoid usage is on the rise among older
populations.
儘管大麻不是我們曾經認為的那麼傷身,也不是像其他非法或合法產品來的那麼有害,
這研究沒有證明大麻有任何潛在的幫助。這跟不同市場上的產品息息相關。你看那些包括
會讓你嗨以及沒那麼嗨的大麻產品,以及減輕疼痛或是上癮的療程,或是在老人間成長
的使用數量來說,這研究對我們息息相關。
"Considering how much is happening in the real world with the legalization
movement, we still have a lot of work to do," Hutchison said.
「考慮到現在對大麻合法的運動的程度,我們還有很多要做的事情。」
備註:
1.我翻ㄉ
2.樓下開呼了阿,反正大麻好像沒那麼不好欸
3.美國正式進入鴉片大麻國家?
4.無聊可以推一下啊,我也翻了20分鐘XD
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※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Gossiping/M.1522397743.A.504.html
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你講到重點了
其實這篇文章marijuana,cannabinoids一直交叉使用
到底是鴉片,大麻,還是藥用大麻才沒事
有請專家解釋
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※ 編輯: LastDinosaur (118.167.10.5), 03/30/2018 16:18:16
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