[轉錄]Improving Vocabulary
文章有點長 不過內容大致是:
把單字分成兩大類 並分別介紹其背頌分法
Improving Active Vocabulary
Active vocabulary is used to express our thoughts and ideas whereas passive
vocabulary is used to understand and comprehend what we read from context
clues and inferences.
You can develop a personalized list of words you want to learn to use,
perhaps add just one or two each day. Here are seven steps for improving your
active vocabulary.
1. Find new words in context
Be alert for "good" words, they can be found everywhere: television,
newspapers, magazines, textbooks, lectures, conversations, etc. Get out of
your rut and deliberately expose yourself to new environments, new
experiences or new books. Read parts of magazines and newspapers you normally
skip. Try joining in on classmates' discussions.
2. Carry a pen and a notebook
Keep a small notebook or note cards handy at all times and jot down new words
with their contexts as you find them. You can look them up and learn all
about them later.
3. Personalize your dictionary
Every time you have to look up a word in your dictionary, mark a small dot or
date in the margin beside the word. If you do this regularly, it will become
a record of words you have needed. When you have looked up a word three
times, it's time for that word to become a part of your active vocabulary.
Give it special attentions until you are comfortable using it.
4. Personalize your published word list
This only applies if you decide to use a published word list. First, mark out
all the words that you have never seen before and all the words you already
use. Those left will be the vaguely familiar words you have seen before and
may need to see again at some time in the future.
5. Use and reinforce a few new words every day
It has been estimated that your must use a new word ten times before it
becomes "yours" and you feel comfortable using it.
6. Make flash cards
Write the word and sentence (context) in which you found it on the front of
the card; write the definitions and another sentence which is meaningful to
you on the back. Look through the cards (both back and front) and test
yourself at odd moments during the day (while standing in the grocery store
line, doing mindless chores or waiting between classes)
7. Read often and regularly
The best way to experience new words and become comfortable with them is to
see how other skilled writers use them. Read from a variety of subjects,
authors, and publications.
Improving Passive Vocabulary
Passive vocabulary is used to understand and comprehend what we read from
context clues and inferences, whereas Active vocabulary is used to express
our thoughts and ideas.
You can easily develop a personalized list of words you want to learn to use,
maybe Just one or two each day.
Here are four steps for improving your passive vocabulary:
1. Become familiar with common word parts
Common word parts include prefixes, roots/stems, and suffixes. Becoming
familiar with these parts will enhance your chances or making better educated
guesses about the meanings of unknown words you hear and read. A bound word
part is one that is not an independent word.
This part can not stand alone in a sentence. An unbound word part is one that
is an independent word. This word part can stand alone in a sentence.
Prefix - A bound form, one that is not an independent word, placed before
another word or bound form to change its meaning. Prefixes include be,
counter, dis, hyper, ad, sub, anti, pre, pro, etc.
Roots/Stem - The part of the word around the prefix and suffix. It can be
bound and unbound.
Suffix - A bound form added to the end of a word or another bound form.
Inflectional suffixes indicate such meanings as "plural" or "past tense".
Derivational suffixes usually change the part-of-speech category of the words
to which they are attached. Suffixes include ly, ble, ize, ise, yse, yze,
our, ic, ac, etc.
2.Use clues in the context
Use clues in the context to help you guess the meaning of unfamiliar words.
In other words, use what you already know. Is the word similar to one you
already know? There are fewer than 100 major prefixes, which, alone with the
context clues, help you to infer meaning from unfamiliar words.
3. Look for examples to illustrate an unfamiliar word
Are there details later in the paragraph, which reflect the meaning of the
unknown word?
4. Try
You should perform all of the above steps before interrupting your
concentration for a trip to the dictionary. When you do use a dictionary,
take particular care to locate a definition appropriate to the context in
which you found the word.
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05/19 14:44, , 1F
05/19 14:44, 1F